Elective cesarean section v/s emergency cesarean section in primigravidae at term
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61581/mjsp.v4i01.217Abstract
Objective: To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between elective cesarean section (ECS) and emergency cesarean section (EmCS) in primigravidae at term.
Methodology: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Memon Medical Institute Karachi, Pakistan from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 150 primigravidae at term (?37 weeks gestation) undergoing cesarean section were included. Patients were divided into two groups: elective cesarean section (n=75) and emergency cesarean section (n=75). Data regarding maternal demographics, indications for cesarean section, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and neonatal outcomes were recorded.
Results: The mean age of patients was 26.3 ± 4.2 years. Maternal complications such as postpartum hemorrhage (18.7% vs 8.0%), wound infection (14.7% vs 5.3%), and need for blood transfusion (20.0% vs 9.3%) were significantly higher in the emergency cesarean section group compared to the elective group (p<0.05). Neonatal outcomes showed a higher frequency of low Apgar scores (?7 at 5 minutes) (24.0% vs 10.7%) and NICU admissions (28.0% vs 12.0%) in the emergency group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Emergency cesarean section is associated with significantly higher maternal and neonatal morbidity compared to elective cesarean section in primigravidae at term. Early identification of high-risk cases and timely decision-making can improve outcomes.
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